William Henry Harrison will forever be known as the president who spent the shortest amount of time in office before his untimely death called into question whether he was fit to serve, or whether the oath of office is what actually ended his life.
Historians disagree, saying pneumonia was the primary cause, but in recounting the inaugural address of 1841 it is easy to see why many point to that occasion as cause for the 69-year-old President Harrison’s death.
For 140 years, Harrison had been the oldest man ever elected to office. Then came Ronald Reagan. Now Donald Trump.
With age an important factor in governing at the White House, we take a look at how President Harrison’s health deteriorated leading to an untimely death in 1841:
An aristocrat turned American Indian fighter
He had spent his early days studying classics as part of the Virginia aristocracy, but made an abrupt change of plans from the life of a gentleman and donned an Army uniform in 1791. After a period of time in the military he became Secretary of the Northwest Territory, before eventually garnering fame as an American Indian fighter in the Battle of Tippecanoe.
While the life took a toll on Harrison, it also helped him in his portrayal as a gritty “everyman” who just wanted to be left alone in his log cabin.
The ‘Log Cabin’ campaign
In his election to the U.S. House of Representatives, Harrison was promoted as an icon of the frontier, with log cabins and bottles of booze plastered over his campaign memorabilia in reference to his position as the “common man.”
At the time, much like in our own, it was becoming a political liability to have ties to the East Coast aristocracy which was seemingly becoming corrupt in its dealings. Although he was very much an aristocrat by birth, his time fighting for the Whigs as “Tippecanoe and Tyler too” would help the party prevail with the American public.
In 1840 when they needed a “common man” to run for the presidency, the Whigs thought they had just the guy.
The inaugural address that did him in
By the time he swore the oath of office, Harrison was already in old age. Although he appeared to be a brash and boisterous leader capable of swigging hard cider with the everyman, his health had begun to deteriorate by the time he took office in 1841.
Harrison, a nationalist, decided to have Daniel Webster edit his inaugural address speech. It became a long-winded affair full of classical allusions, and when he delivered it on a cold day in March President Harrison declined to wear a hat and a coat.
Within a month he had caught a cold, which developed into pneumonia — and then died. Many speculate it was the long-winded speech that spelled the end for “Old Tip.”